🙂 So many mess things, delayed the SPI & MicroSD process.

I have tried many many ways recently, finally get some results, still need more check/read/fix etc…

First, I read all the code about SPI and MMC. Also the RT5350F datasheet, SPI part.
Then, I tried to modify that spi-rt2880.c to support SPI1. Thanks for that patch I mentioned in “VoCore: SPI & MicroSD 3” from John, that helps a lot. But no luck, that patch can not work.

I just think that might be register error, so I connected MISO/MOSI/CS0/CS1 to oscilloscope, and tried every compose of the control/config register.

After many many fails, I got a result, whatever I changed the register, the SPI_CS1 was keeping low. That is abnormal. So when I try to use mmc, I just get many “TX error = -145”, “RX error = -145″…
PS: some other interesting result:
1. I find TXFALLEDGE & RXFALLEDGE register can not be used same time during my test , from my understanding, that is used to control CPHA, should be used same time…weird, need more test.
2. Do not use uboot update the firmware if MicroSD is in the slot. That will cause CRC error once update done and you reboot it.

Then I try to use SPI_CS1 as GPIO, to check if that pin is able to change by code.
When I call “echo 27 > export”, just get such error “This device does not exist”.
I was thinking that must be taken by SPI driver, so just another try “echo 3 > export”(GPIO3 is one in using SPI pin), get a totally different result, system told me it is busy.

That should be driver problem now, and not spi-rt2880 driver problem, when I am reading/fixing the pinmux code. This topic(http://vonger.cn/?topic=rfc-openwrt-support) helps me. (My old plan is to change pinmux code, which is /linux/arch/mips/ralink/rt305x.c and add a new group spics1 to it)

And I find an issue in that rt5350.dtsi. My fix is here, rt5350.dtsi, VOCORE.dts
gpio0 is 24 pins but in datasheet that control should only able to control 22 pins. Even we can export 24 gpio from that control but GPIO#22, GPIO#23 can not be use at all.
gpio1 offset is @638, but in datasheet, no such control at all, it should be @660.

Now the GPIO is working.
RX = -145 and TX = -145 disappeared.

But I still get such error every 0.5 seconds. (I guess the driver is trying to detect that SD card, due to we do not have hardware card detect irq)

setup: request speed is too low 400000.
can't not change chip-polarity

That is due to RT5350 min spi speed is 120MHz / 128 = about 1MHz, 400KHz is too low.
And after read the mmc code, that 400KHz is used to compatible the detect process with the old low speed SD card, so it is not that important. Just dirty fix spi-rt2880.c remove that error, and if we find the request spi speed is lower than 1MHz, focus to set it to 1MHz. 🙂 Then the kernel log is quiet.

Finally, another mmc kernel is keeping show itself every 5~30 seconds.

[  353.260000] mmc0: error -22 whilst initialising SDIO card
[  353.270000] mmc0: host doesn't support card's voltages
[  353.280000] mmc0: error -22 whilst initialising SD card
[  353.300000] mmc0: host doesn't support card's voltages
[  353.310000] mmc0: error -22 whilst initialising MMC card

This is easy to remove. VoCore do not support modify SD voltage ranges, so remove the line in VOCORE.dts

voltage-ranges<3300 3300>;

When boot up, there is a warning for that, but no such noise kernel log anymore. 😀

[   15.110000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: OF: voltage-ranges unspecified
[   15.120000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: ASSUMING 3.2-3.4 V slot power
[   15.180000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: SD/MMC host mmc0, no DMA, no WP, no poweroff

From the system log, spi-mmc should work(if my dirty fix works)

[    0.000000] Linux version 3.10.36 (vonger@vongers-mbp.lan) (gcc version 4.8.3 (OpenWrt/Linaro GCC 4.8-2014.04 r41181) ) #33 Thu Jul 31 16:15:45 CST 2014
[    0.000000] SoC Type: Ralink RT5350 id:1 rev:3
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[    0.000000] CPU revision is: 0001964c (MIPS 24KEc)
[    0.000000] MIPS: machine is VoCore
[    0.000000] Determined physical RAM map:
[    0.000000]  memory: 02000000 @ 00000000 (usable)
[    0.000000] Initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x00000000-0x01ffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x00000000-0x01ffffff]
[    0.000000] Primary instruction cache 32kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 bytes.
[    0.000000] Primary data cache 16kB, 4-way, VIPT, no aliases, linesize 32 bytes
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 8128
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,57600 rootfstype=squashfs,jffs2
[    0.000000] PID hash table entries: 128 (order: -3, 512 bytes)
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[    0.000000] Writing ErrCtl register=00019e38
[    0.000000] Readback ErrCtl register=00019e38
[    0.000000] Memory: 29352k/32768k available (2132k kernel code, 3416k reserved, 545k data, 200k init, 0k highmem)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS:256
[    0.000000] CPU Clock: 360MHz
[    0.000000] Calibrating delay loop... 239.61 BogoMIPS (lpj=1198080)
[    0.070000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.070000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
[    0.080000] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[    0.090000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.140000] bio: create slab  at 0
[    0.150000] rt2880_gpio 10000600.gpio: registering 22 gpios
[    0.160000] rt2880_gpio 10000600.gpio: registering 22 irq handlers
[    0.170000] rt2880_gpio 10000660.gpio: registering 6 gpios
[    0.180000] rt2880_gpio 10000660.gpio: registering 6 irq handlers
[    0.190000] Switching to clocksource MIPS
[    0.200000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    0.210000] TCP established hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.230000] TCP bind hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes)
[    0.240000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 512 bind 512)
[    0.250000] TCP: reno registered
[    0.260000] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.270000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.280000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    0.290000] rt-timer 10000100.timer: maximum frequncy is 7324Hz
[    0.340000] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
[    0.360000] jffs2: version 2.2 (NAND) (SUMMARY) (LZMA) (RTIME) (CMODE_PRIORITY) (c) 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
[    0.380000] msgmni has been set to 57
[    0.390000] io scheduler noop registered
[    0.390000] io scheduler deadline registered (default)
[    0.420000] gpio-export gpio-export.4: 19 gpio(s) exported
[    0.430000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 2 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[    0.450000] 10000c00.uartlite: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x10000c00 (irq = 20) is a 16550A
[    0.470000] console [ttyS0] enabled, bootconsole disabled
[    0.470000] console [ttyS0] enabled, bootconsole disabled
[    0.500000] m25p80 spi32766.0: unique id: 21543693050863d1
[    0.510000] m25p80 spi32766.0: w25q64 (8192 Kbytes)
[    0.520000] 4 ofpart partitions found on MTD device spi32766.0
[    0.530000] Creating 4 MTD partitions on "spi32766.0":
[    0.540000] 0x000000000000-0x000000030000 : "uboot"
[    0.550000] 0x000000030000-0x000000040000 : "uboot-env"
[    0.570000] 0x000000040000-0x000000050000 : "factory"
[    0.580000] 0x000000050000-0x000000800000 : "firmware"
[    0.600000] 0x00000013fc33-0x000000800000 : "rootfs"
[    0.610000] mtd: partition "rootfs" must either start or end on erase block boundary or be smaller than an erase block -- forcing read-only
[    0.640000] mtd: device 4 (rootfs) set to be root filesystem
[    0.650000] mtd: partition "rootfs_data" created automatically, ofs=0x370000, len=0x490000
[    0.660000] 0x000000370000-0x000000800000 : "rootfs_data"
[    0.690000] eth0: done loading
[    0.700000] rt3xxx-usbphy ubsphy.3: loaded
[    0.710000] rt2880_wdt 10000120.watchdog: Initialized
[    0.720000] TCP: cubic registered
[    0.730000] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    0.740000] 8021q: 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8
[    0.760000] VFS: Mounted root (squashfs filesystem) readonly on device 31:4.
[    0.780000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 200K (8029e000 - 802d0000)
procd: Console is alive
procd: - watchdog -
[    7.190000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    7.200000] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    7.210000] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    7.240000] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    7.260000] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    7.280000] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[    7.490000] rt3xxx-usbphy ubsphy.3: remote usb device wakeup disabled
[    7.500000] rt3xxx-usbphy ubsphy.3: UTMI 16bit 30MHz
[    7.510000] ehci-platform 101c0000.ehci: EHCI Host Controller
[    7.520000] ehci-platform 101c0000.ehci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[    7.540000] ehci-platform 101c0000.ehci: irq 26, io mem 0x101c0000
[    7.570000] ehci-platform 101c0000.ehci: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    7.580000] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    7.590000] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
procd: - preinit -
[    8.830000] rt305x-esw 10110000.esw: link changed 0x00
Press the [f] key and hit [enter] to enter failsafe mode
Press the [1], [2], [3] or [4] key and hit [enter] to select the debug level
jffs2 is not ready - marker found
procd: - early -
procd: - watchdog -
procd: - ubus -
procd: - init -
Please press Enter to activate this console.
[   14.620000] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[   14.650000] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (461 buckets, 1844 max)
[   14.680000] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[   14.710000] Loading modules backported from Linux version master-2014-05-22-0-gf2032ea
[   14.730000] Backport generated by backports.git backports-20140320-37-g5c33da0
[   14.750000] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[   14.830000] xt_time: kernel timezone is -0000
[   14.880000] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain
[   14.890000] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated:
[   14.900000] cfg80211:  DFS Master region: unset
[   14.910000] cfg80211:   (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp), (dfs_cac_time)
[   14.930000] cfg80211:   (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[   14.950000] cfg80211:   (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[   14.960000] cfg80211:   (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[   14.980000] cfg80211:   (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 80000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[   15.000000] cfg80211:   (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 80000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[   15.010000] cfg80211:   (57240000 KHz - 63720000 KHz @ 2160000 KHz), (N/A, 0 mBm), (N/A)
[   15.110000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: OF: voltage-ranges unspecified
[   15.120000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: ASSUMING 3.2-3.4 V slot power
[   15.180000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: SD/MMC host mmc0, no DMA, no WP, no poweroff
[   15.210000] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
[   15.230000] NET: Registered protocol family 24
[   15.290000] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00_set_rt: Info - RT chipset 5350, rev 0500 detected
[   15.300000] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00_set_rf: Info - RF chipset 5350 detected
[   27.060000] jffs2_scan_eraseblock(): End of filesystem marker found at 0x0
[   27.090000] jffs2_build_filesystem(): unlocking the mtd device... done.
[   27.100000] jffs2_build_filesystem(): erasing all blocks after the end marker... [   30.050000] device eth0.1 entered promiscuous mode
[   30.060000] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode
[   30.090000] br-lan: port 1(eth0.1) entered forwarding state
[   30.100000] br-lan: port 1(eth0.1) entered forwarding state
[   32.100000] br-lan: port 1(eth0.1) entered forwarding state

Will do test tomorrow 😀
Some necessary files: spi-rt2880.c (some code is from John’s patch)

Hi every reader,
Due to many people report me the forum server(freshdesk.com) is in their mail spam list, so they can not register or receive mail from it…

And another big issue is this freshdesk.com is not friendly at all. After the free trial over, they just close the forum(nobody is able to login) and do not give me even a minute to move the data or public a notify! I really hate that and do not trust them anymore.

Lucky me, there is not many topics yet, I have to move it back to vonger.cn, at least this is under my control. A new forum is here http://vonger.cn/?forum=vocore.

SPI microSD is not done yet 🙂 Just finish an easy driver patch.
This patch is used to get unique id from flash chip. That id is also VoCore Unique ID(unless you change the flash chip). It will be used to get back factory setting(include mac address, wifi parameter, etc.) If you change the flash partition “factory”(512 bytes) and want to change it back. That factory setting can be downloaded from this site by this VoCore Unique ID.

Download new driver file m25p80.c

diff the origin m25p80.c and my m25p80.c

64,66d63
< /* Used for Winbond flashes only. */
< #define OPCODE_WINBOND_ID    0x4b    /* Get flash unique id */
< 
1001,1016d997
< /* flash unique id probe */
< static int unique_id_prob(struct spi_device *spi, u8 *id)
< {
<     int			tmp;
<     u8			code[5];
< 
<     code[0] = OPCODE_WINBOND_ID;
<     tmp = spi_write_then_read(spi, &code, 5, id, 8);
<     if (tmp < 0) {
<         pr_debug("%s: error %d reading UNIQUE ID\n",
<                 dev_name(&spi->dev), tmp);
<         return tmp;
<     }
<     return 0;
< }
< 
1125,1136d1105
<     /* show unique id in kernel debug log for w25q64 or w25q128. */
<     if(info->jedec_id == 0xef4017 || info->jedec_id == 0xef4018) {
<         u8 unique_id[8];
<         if(!unique_id_prob(spi, unique_id)) {
<             dev_warn(&spi->dev, "flash id: %02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
<                     unique_id[7], unique_id[6], unique_id[5], unique_id[4],
<                     unique_id[3], unique_id[2], unique_id[1], unique_id[0]);
<         } else {
<             dev_warn(&spi->dev, "failed to get flash unique id.\n");
<         }
<     }
< 

Part of bootup log:

This is tested by using winbond flash, but from read other chip datasheet, this is supported too.

Now the openwrt is compiled under mac 🙂 I do not have to use linux vm anymore. This makes the process a little faster. Thanks Markus Z for the tip, http://vocore.freshdesk.com/support/discussions/topics/1000033335

PS: there is a small bug in m25p80.c, jedec id of s25fl064k and w25q64 are same. w25q64(Winbond) jedec id is correct, so s25fl064k(Spansion) has a wrong id in the source. Is there anybody know its real jedec id? We should fix that little bug in linux kernel.

In linux kernel, there are several important files for SPI/MMC part.

spi.c
spi.h
mmc_spi.c
mmc_spi.h
of_mmc_spi.c

From openwrt side, one file related to it.
spi-rt2880.c

But spi-rt2880.c only supports one SPI device, the flash chip.
There is a patch but not work, after I apply that, get the following error log.

[   15.050000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: OF: voltage-ranges unspecified
[   15.060000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: ASSUMING 3.2-3.4 V slot power
[   15.100000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: TX failed, err=-145
[   15.110000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: TX failed, err=-145
[   15.120000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: setup: unsupported mode bits 4
[   15.130000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: can't change chip-select polarity
[   15.140000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: setup: requested speed is too low 400000 Hz
[   15.180000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: SD/MMC host mmc0, no DMA, no WP, no poweroff

In the datasheet, RT5350 SPI is so good. All SPI features are supported, even SPI slave mode.

RT5350 SPI have the following features:
1. MSB first or LSB first
2. SPI clock default state 0 or 1
3. RX/TX data captured on the rising or falling edge of the SPI clock signal.(So RT5350 supports all the four modes of SPI)
4. SPI polarity indicator low active or high active.

Looks like there is no hardware problem to make the microSD over SPI come true. 🙂

[   15.050000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: OF: voltage-ranges unspecified
[   15.060000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: ASSUMING 3.2-3.4 V slot power
[   15.100000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: TX failed, err=-145
[   15.110000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: TX failed, err=-145

In dts, I did not add the voltage-ranges, after add that line, this fixed.
This voltage-ranges is useless but necessary to compatible with mmc-spi/spi driver, RT5350F do not have hardware support that feature.

[   15.120000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: setup: unsupported mode bits 4

This is caused by SPI_CS_HIGH(0x04) is not proper supported by rt2880-spi driver.

[   15.130000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: can't change chip-select polarity

rt2880-spi driver do not support that too, old driver only support one spi slave, do not need that. The patch has some code about that, but there might be bug.

[   15.140000] mmc_spi spi32766.1: setup: requested speed is too low 400000 Hz

This is not a real problem, the dts error stopped platform struct init, so setup is trying to setup the speed to zero.

Now, code is the only solution. 🙂
First, I will try to fix the patched rt2880-spi driver.
Then try to write a new one(rt5350-spi.c?) support all 5350 SPI features, so it will have a better compatible with linux SPI driver or other device based on SPI.

VoCore Bottom/Top:

VoCore with Dock:

VoCore using Dock as heat sink, the max temperature is under 61C 

I am happy now 🙂 The environment temperature is 30.4C

I soldered it last night. 🙂

The VoCore with Dock size is 25x25x19mm.

This is the final logo for release, everything is ready!

These days when I read the linux SPI driver code, I find there is no big issue to have two SPI slave device on one SPI master at driver part.

SPI mmc(mircoSD) is mostly used to download, it will take most of SPI traffic.
SPI flash is only used when the system is booting…then unless you change config or download ipk, it is free.

This is the key message in the source: (include/linux/spi.h:335)

The logic to assign SPI traffic is FIFO. SPI traffic is based on SPI message, that is atomic for one message.(There is a cs_change inside the message structure to break the message transfer, but we will never use that for this simple situation) So even there is heavy load on SPI mmc part, SPI flash part will not be fatal delayed once its SPI message in the FIFO queue.

If there is no other special condition, I think the work I need to do is just change the dts file, add mmc-spi-slot to that dts, and it will work normal.

In the mmc_spi.c, why they leave that note?
Still need to do more research on the source code.

From alpha test, there are some people report me the RT5350 chips were so warm.
I had found that in v0.3, v0.5, in fact, that is not a big issue.(the people worried about that, due to for most situations the higher temperature means the chip is not stable)
This is the part from RT5350F datasheet:

Maximum Junction Temperature(Plastic Package), not sure it means the plastic case or the inside semiconductor. I get from my infrared thermometers, max case temp is below 70C(that time it is early summer my house is about 24C). If inside temp is 20C more than outside, it will be 90C, still far from 125C, so that is hot but will effect module stable.
In Operating Conditions, it works from -10C to 55C, in my test, it should be the house temperature. In my old blog, I referred, it worked normal in Xi’an outdoor temperature over 50C. That almost reach its max. Just make a simple calculate on that situation, the junction temperature on plastic shell should be around 120C. So if you do not leave it in Sahara Desert, it should work normal.

This module is mainly for hobbyist, and from this part of datasheet, I do not recommend to use it in industry. RT5350 is the bottleneck of VoCore, rest chips(SDRAM, Flash, DC-DC, Reset) are much better than it(-40C~85C), but RT5350 is never a performance chip, it is a cost-effective chip 🙂 From the first version, I choose it for its balance. Maybe MT7688 will be better, but I do not think that will have as good cost as RT5350.

There are some ways to lower the chip temperature:
1. Thermal holes under the 5350 chip.
For current VoCore size… No way to add that. 🙂
2. Heak sink.
As I said, use the dock as heat sink, will lower its temperature at least 10C.
3. Lower CPU frequency.
This is also a good choice, but need to do it on hardware part…once done, hard to change back, so if there is any software way, this will be better.
4. Software shutdown function.
There are scripts in RT5350F SDK can be used to shutdown function of RT5350. But openwrt do not have that. I think I can get that memory address and make it work on openwrt. It will save some power and also lower the temperature.

Any other good ideas are welcomed here. 🙂

Hardware part do not have big issue now, just pin 9, 10 are the microSD detector pin, but there is no place on PCB, have to ignore them…

Now working on the software part, that really stunned me. 😀

I thought that should be already perfectly supported by openwrt driver…But after I check the  driver carefully, I think I have to modify that code or find another way.

The code is under linux kernel source, source/drivers/mmc/host/mmc_spi.c

There is a note in that source…

 58  * - MMC depends on a different chipselect management policy than the
 59  *   SPI interface currently supports for shared bus segments:  it needs
 60  *   to issue multiple spi_message requests with the chipselect active,
 61  *   using the results of one message to decide the next one to issue.
 62  *
 63  *   Pending updates to the programming interface, this driver expects
 64  *   that it not share the bus with other drivers (precluding conflicts).

Does that mean this driver can not work with the exists SPI flash?

And there is a good solution but for other router chip.
http://wiki.openwrt.org/ru/toh/tp-link/tl-mr3420/deep.mmc.hack
I did not try that yet, it might be able to work on RT5350 but need more checks.

I do not want to use GPIO for this, but this way looks much easier.
http://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/mmc_over_gpio

This part will cost some time 🙂

Any idea is welcome here. Please leave a comment, that will help a lot. 🙂